According to the American Psychological Association (APA), abbreviations are best used only when they allow for clear communication with the audience. Exceptions: Standard abbreviations like units of measurement and states do not need to be written out.
How do you cite abbreviations in APA?
If a citation accompanies an abbreviation, include the abbreviation and parenthetical citation within the same parentheses. Put the abbreviation first, followed by the citation. Separate the abbreviation and the citation with a semi-colon. For the plural form of the abbreviation, add a small “s” after the abbreviation.
Can you use abbreviations in APA 7?
Use abbreviations sparingly and only when they are well-defined, are familiar to readers, and make your writing clearer. (without the label “abbr.”) do not need to be defined in the text. Define all other abbreviations. author name) and follow with the abbreviation.
Can I abbreviate in-text citations APA?
Do not alternate between spelling out the term and abbreviating it. How do I abbreviate group authors in in-text citations and reference list entries? If your reference has a group author, the name of the group can sometimes be abbreviated—for example, American Psychological Association can be abbreviated to APA.
Are periods used with abbreviations in APA?
Periods are not used with abbreviations in APA Style (e.g., write “FBI” and “PhD” not “F.B.I.” and “Ph. D.”).
Can you use abbreviations in references?
As with other abbreviations, spell out the name of the group upon first mention in the text and then provide the abbreviation. If the name of the group first appears in the narrative, put the abbreviation, a comma, and the year for the citation in parentheses after it.
Do you abbreviate journals in APA?
Abbreviations for Journal/Periodical Titles
Reproduce periodical titles as shown on the cited work. If the periodical’s offiicial title includes an abbreviation, reproduce that abbreviated titile in the reference (e.g. PLOS ONE, JAMA Pediatrics).
How do you abbreviate us in APA 7th edition?
In APA style, “United States” should always be spelled out when it is used as a noun or location. Example: In the United States, 67% reported this experience. United States can be abbreviated as “U.S.” when it is used as an adjective. Examples: U.S. population and U.S. Census Bureau.
Can you start a sentence with an acronym in APA 7th edition?
Acronyms and abbreviations must be spelled out completely on initial appearance in text. Use only if abbreviation is conventional, is apt to be familiar, will save considerable space, and will prevent cumbersome repetition. Avoid beginning a sentence with an acronym or an abbreviation.
How do you write abbreviations in a research paper?
Best practices for abbreviations and acronyms
Here are a few tips. Acronyms are formed using the first letter of each word in a phrase. The first time you use an acronym, write the phrase in full and place the acronym in parentheses immediately after it. You can then use the acronym throughout the rest of the text.
Can you abbreviate organizations in text citations APA 7?
If a reference has a group author, the name of the group can sometimes be abbreviated—for example, “American Psychological Association” can be abbreviated to “APA.” You are not obligated to abbreviate the name of a group author, but you can if the abbreviation is well-known, will help avoid cumbersome repetition, or …
Can you abbreviate CDC in text citations APA?
Abbreviating Organizational Authors
One in 13 people has asthma (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2016). Whether you spell it out in text or in a parenthetical citation, it only needs to be done once, with the acronym immediately following in parentheses or brackets.
What are the rules for abbreviations?
- Introduce Them with Parentheses.
- Abbreviate Personal and Professional Titles.
- Only Abbreviate Well-Known Terms.
- Look Closely at Initialisms.
- Keep Date Abbreviations Informal.
- Time and Time Zones Can Follow Several Styles.
- There Are USPS Standards for Addresses.
- Latin Abbreviations Need Punctuation.
Can you use abbreviations in an essay?
On this page: Abbreviations and acronyms are shortened forms of words or phrases. Generally, abbreviations are not acceptable in academic writing (with some exceptions, see below) and acronyms are (providing they are used as shown below).
Do you abbreviate United States in AP Style?
AP Style holds that you should use periods in the abbreviation for United States within text. It is U.S. (with periods). In headlines, however, the abbreviation has no periods. It is US (with no periods).
References:
- https://libguides.css.edu/APA7thEd/APAFAQs
- https://apastyle.apa.org/instructional-aids/abbreviations-guide.pdf
- https://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2015/10/an-abbreviations-faq.html
- https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/abbreviations
- https://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/abbreviations/
- https://libguides.ggc.edu/apastyle_7th/abbreviations
- https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/apa/other/abbreviations
- https://writing.wisc.edu/handbook/documentation/docapa/docapaprinciples/
- https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/list-of-abbreviations/
- https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/abbreviations/group-authors
- https://libguides.massgeneral.org/apaformat/intext-citations
- https://abbreviations.yourdictionary.com/articles/rules-for-abbreviations.html
- https://libguides.hull.ac.uk/writing/abbreviations
- https://writingexplained.org/ap-style/ap-style-united-states